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BILL OF  RIGHTS

The Bill of Rights in the Philippine Constitution, outlined in Article III, is a vital safeguard of freedom, justice, and equality. It guarantees essential rights such as freedom of speech, religion, assembly, due process, and protection from unreasonable searches, embodying the Filipino people’s commitment to liberty and dignity.

 

Inspired by the American Bill of Rights during the U.S. colonial period, it reflects a shared history of fighting against oppression and ensuring individual protections. More than legal provisions, it represents the Filipino nation’s dedication to protecting human dignity and upholding justice for all.

Key Provisions of the Bill of Rights

​​1. Right to Due Process (Section 1):

 

No person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law, nor shall any person be denied equal protection of the laws.

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2. Right to Equal Protection (Section 1):

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No person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law, nor shall any person be denied equal protection of the laws.

 

2. Right to Freedom of Speech, Expression, and Press (Section 4):

 

Every person has the right to freely express themselves, whether through speech, writing, or media, without censorship or restraint.

 

3. Right to Privacy (Section 2):

 

Individuals are protected against unreasonable searches and seizures. Warrants must be issued by a judge based on probable cause.

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4. Right to Religious Freedom (Section 5):

 

The Constitution guarantees the free exercise of religion without government interference, and no law shall be made respecting an establishment of religion.

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5. Rights of the Accused (Sections 12-14):

 

The rights of persons accused of a crime include the right to remain silent, to have competent and independent counsel, and to be informed of their rights.

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6. Right Against Torture and Degrading Punishment (Section 12):

 

The use of physical or mental torture, violence, or coercion during investigations is strictly prohibited.

 

7. Right to Bail (Section 13):

 

All persons are entitled to bail, except in cases where the evidence of guilt is strong.

 

8. Right to Speedy Trial (Sec.14):

 

Accused individuals also have the right to a speedy, public, and impartial trial.

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9. Freedom of Assembly and Petition (Section 8):

 

Citizens have the right to peaceful assembly and to petition the government for redress of grievances.

 

Significance:

 

The Bill of Rights ensures that the government respects and protects the fundamental rights of individuals, safeguarding them from potential abuses of state power. It is a key element in ensuring that the Philippines remains a democratic society based on the rule of law.​

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